Let's study ID: ice fish deny Darwin (Introduction)

by David Turell , Sunday, October 23, 2022, 17:09 (760 days ago) @ David Turell

They carry hemoglobinless blood and antifreezeto survive in the cold:

https://bio-complexity.org/ojs/index.php/main/article/view/BIO-C.2022.2/BIO-C.2022.2

"HALLMARKS OF INTELLIGENT DESIGN IN ICEFISH
The customized icefish heart, vasculature, and blood form a system with mutually dependent parts. These cannot be exchanged with those from red-blooded fish. A non-customized
heart would have the incorrect ratio of mitochondria to contractile elements in diomyocytes. As a result, ATP insufficiency would develop. If the icefish vasculature were replaced with one from a red-blooded fish, the increased vascular resistance would cause the heart to fail. If an icefish’s blood were replaced with red blood, the icefish would die because of hyperviscosity.The cardiovascular systems of other teleosts do not show the same degree of customization. If the heart of one teleost were replaced with one from another teleost of similar size and lifestyle, the teleost would probably survive long enough to reproduce. In general, it is probably fair to say that replacing the circulatory system and blood of one teleost with that of another would be tolerated. The hemoglobinless phenotype requires simultaneous, coordinated acquisition of multiple unique features. This is difficult
to explain with Darwinian evolution, which postulates that species develop by small, incremental changes over long periods. It is unlikely that the changes required by the hemoglobinless phenotype can be accomplished with only one or two mutations. A small number of random but bold, lucky strokes is the most change that can be accomplished by Darwinian evolution within a short period of time. This is simply not enough to develop the hemoglobinless phenotype. It is likely that the creation of a large heart with abundant mitochondria requires one developmental program, of a carbonic anhydrase–containing orpuscle another program, of large-diameter capillaries a third program, and gill epithelial cells that express carbonic anhydrase yet another program. Thus, an origin of icefish via
Darwinian processes from red-blooded notothenioids, or from the phylogenetic notothenioid sister lineage, Percophis brasiliensis [57], is unlikely.

SUMMARY

"The cardiovascular system of fish of the family Channichthyidae appears to have been designed to utilize hemoglobinless blood to solve the problem of increased viscosity at low temperatures. A design for any cardiovascular system must specify each component, including blood viscosity and vascular geometry, in order to maximize laminar flow and minimize vascular resistance. It also must include a mechanism to maintain blood viscosity within specifications. The appropriate value of blood viscosity allows vascular resistance to match cardiac power. This value can be estimated by Reynolds and Dean numbers. Because blood viscosity is an important determinant of blood flow, it should be considered part of the milieu intérieur. Multiple customized components are necessary to utilize hemoglobinless blood. Actualizing the design for the icefish cardiovascular system requires each customized component to be in place simultaneously. This is more innovation than can be accomplished by random mutation as postulated in Darwinian evolution."

Comment: a perfect example of Irreducible Complexity, with so many novelties required to be put together at the same time to create this species.