Natures wonders:Mother's milk kills bacteria (Introduction)

by David Turell , Wednesday, August 23, 2017, 14:53 (2647 days ago) @ dhw

Antibiotic activity can appear in any setting it seems. This mother's milk did in B. strep colony:

http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/50150/title/Sugars-in-Breast-Milk...

"The infection-fighting antibodies passed from mother to baby through breast milk get a fair amount of press, but it turns out they have a lesser-known partner in the fight against bacteria: sugars. Specialized oligosaccharides in some women’s breast milk can both kill cultured group B strep bacteria directly and disrupt the biofilms they use to protect themselves, researchers at Vanderbilt University reported Sunday (August 20) at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society, and in a June 1 paper in ACS Infectious Diseases. (my bold)

“'For most of the last century, biochemists have argued that proteins are most important and sugars are an afterthought,” says senior author Steven Townsend in a statement. “Far less is known about the function of sugars and, as a trained glycoprotein chemist, I wanted to explore their role.”

"For their pilot study, Townsend and his coauthors applied sugars from five breast milk samples to cultures of group B strep, which commonly infects pregnant women and is dangerous to newborns. Oligosaccharides from one of the samples killed a strep colony, while the other four samples had moderate or low bacteria-fighting activity, according to the university’s statement. Sugars in the milk also proved effective against some other types of infectious bacteria, and the team is now working on identifying which oligosaccharides are responsible.

“'Our results show that these sugars have a one-two punch,” Townsend says. “First, they sensitize the target bacteria and then they kill them. Biologists sometimes call this ‘synthetic lethality’ and there is a major push to develop new antimicrobial drugs with this capability.'”

Comment: The war between all organisms has resulted in many different types of defenses to appear. Skin carries B. strep most of the time. If a mother didn't clean her breast before nursing the baby could be exposed. This defense might have developed back millions of years ago in the early hominin forms, when the problem was not appreciated. Specialized sugars added by God?