Biochemical controls: alternate cellular waste disposal (Introduction)
A look at myocardial cells:
https://www.the-scientist.com/taking-out-the-trash-an-alternative-cellular-disposal-pat...
"Gustafsson’s laboratory determined that cardiac myocytes and other cells use secretion to remove mitochondria from the cell when lysosomal degradation is inhibited.
***
"Mitochondria generate most of the cell’s energy. However, when they become dysfunctional, damaged, or old, mitochondria can turn into pro-death organelles, which produce reactive oxygen species that damage the cell’s proteins and DNA. This is a major problem for cardiac myocytes, which rely on the energy produced by mitochondria to contract. Additionally, the body cannot replace these particular cells because they do not divide.
***
"We discovered that fibroblasts and cardiac myocytes secrete mitochondria inside extracellular vesicles (EV) when their lysosomal function is compromised or overwhelmed. This encapsulation ensures that the mitochondria do not elicit a dangerous immune response once outside the cell because of their bacterial origin. The mitochondria-containing EV originate from within multivesicular bodies (MVB), which either deliver the cargo to the lysosomes for degradation or ship everything to the plasma membrane for secretion. We found that Rab7, a protein present on the MVB’s outer membrane, is a regulator involved in dictating the fate of the vesicles. We believe that active Rab7 directs the EV toward the lysosomes, but in the absence of this protein or when it is inactive, the cell will traffic the EV to the plasma membrane. (my bold)
"Once cardiac myocytes release the mitochondria-containing EV, resident cardiac macrophages and other cells in the heart internalize the vesicles to degrade them through their lysosomes. The EV do not seem to enter circulation but stay within the heart. Ultimately, this is an alternative garbage disposal pathway used by cells to get rid of dysfunctional and damaged mitochondria when they cannot degrade the organelles in their own lysosomes."
Comment: as usual, I have pointed out a control mechanism that requires a specific protein as the control mechanism (Rab7). It is very unlikely that chance evolution can be so specific. Only design fits.
Complete thread:
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2024-07-05, 16:40
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2024-06-25, 19:43
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David Turell,
2024-06-12, 17:41
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David Turell,
2024-05-16, 18:29
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David Turell,
2024-05-06, 17:47
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2024-05-05, 22:44
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2024-05-03, 18:35
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2024-04-27, 01:04
- Biochemical controls: the role of the interstitium -
David Turell,
2024-04-26, 18:08
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2024-04-26, 15:56
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2024-03-30, 22:01
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2024-07-17, 19:42
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2024-07-20, 20:44
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2024-07-20, 21:11
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2024-07-21, 16:53
- Biochemical controls: plant controls genetic or not -
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2024-08-02, 18:33
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2024-08-09, 19:37
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2024-08-09, 20:03
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2024-08-12, 18:31
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2024-08-13, 21:36
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2024-08-22, 00:10
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2024-08-22, 18:33
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David Turell,
2024-08-25, 19:27
- Biochemical controls: a viral bacterial defense mechanism -
David Turell,
2024-08-27, 19:28
- Biochemical controls: histone role in cell functions -
David Turell,
2024-09-01, 16:28
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David Turell,
2024-09-04, 17:32
- Biochemical controls: of specialized cell reproduction -
David Turell,
2024-09-06, 19:13
- Biochemical controls: protecting centromeres - David Turell, 2024-09-07, 20:02
- Biochemical controls: of specialized cell reproduction -
David Turell,
2024-09-06, 19:13
- Biochemical controls: histone role in cell functions -
David Turell,
2024-09-01, 16:28
- Biochemical controls: a viral bacterial defense mechanism -
David Turell,
2024-08-27, 19:28
- Biochemical controls: providing T cell memories -
David Turell,
2024-08-25, 19:27
- Biochemical controls: lipoprotein levels in pregnancy -
David Turell,
2024-08-22, 18:33
- Biochemical controls: mitochondrial self-repair -
David Turell,
2024-08-22, 00:10
- Biochemical controls: plant immunity against viruses -
David Turell,
2024-08-13, 21:36
- Biochemical controls: over natural killer cells -
David Turell,
2024-08-12, 18:31
- Biochemical controls: symbiotic controls -
David Turell,
2024-08-09, 20:03
- Biochemical controls: plant controls over cell stress -
David Turell,
2024-08-09, 19:37
- Biochemical controls: plant controls genetic or not -
David Turell,
2024-08-02, 18:33
- Biochemical controls: long-lived proteins in oocytes -
David Turell,
2024-07-21, 16:53
- Biochemical controls: rythymic gene expression in symbiosis -
David Turell,
2024-07-20, 21:11
- Biochemical controls: a protein guides cell division -
David Turell,
2024-07-20, 20:44
- Biochemical controls: why apoptosis? -
David Turell,
2024-03-06, 18:16
- Biochemical controls: how algae fix CO2 -
David Turell,
2024-03-04, 18:42
- Biochemical controls: not in the genes!: -
David Turell,
2024-02-28, 18:57
- Biochemical controls: managing allergy -
David Turell,
2024-02-08, 20:34
- Biochemical controls: mitochondrial energy output -
David Turell,
2024-01-21, 20:02
- Biochemical controls: intercellular communication -
David Turell,
2024-01-19, 19:10
- Biochemical controls: cellular molecular decision making -
David Turell,
2024-01-18, 18:59
- Biochemical controls: mitochondrial vast activities -
David Turell,
2024-01-08, 19:04
- Biochemical controls: how age is controlled -
David Turell,
2024-01-08, 17:35
- Biochemical controls: cell adhesion controls -
David Turell,
2024-01-08, 17:17
- Biochemical controls: cellular health controls -
David Turell,
2024-01-06, 20:05
- Biochemical controls: intracellular reactions -
David Turell,
2023-12-21, 20:16
- Biochemical controls: enormous number of molecular reactions -
David Turell,
2023-12-11, 19:55
- Biochemical controls: enzymes control insulin level -
David Turell,
2023-12-06, 14:59
- Biochemical controls: reading DNA -
David Turell,
2023-11-24, 22:19
- Biochemical controls: condensate formation in cells -
David Turell,
2023-11-13, 22:00
- Biochemical controls: how T cells fight cancer -
David Turell,
2023-11-11, 16:55
- Biochemical controls: how mitochondria protect themselves -
David Turell,
2023-11-10, 19:09
- Biophysical controls: motors looping DNA -
David Turell,
2023-11-10, 15:54
- Biophysical controls -
David Turell,
2023-10-25, 21:36
- Biochemical controls: handling stress -
David Turell,
2023-10-16, 18:59
- Biochemical controls: making operational synapses -
David Turell,
2023-10-12, 21:35
- Biochemical controls: new cell division discovery -
dhw,
2023-10-08, 11:47
- Biochemical controls: new cell division discovery -
GateKeeper,
2023-10-08, 00:24
- Biochemical controls: garbage disposal -
David Turell,
2023-08-26, 20:33
- Biochemical controls: treadmilling for cell division -
David Turell,
2023-08-25, 20:54
- Biochemical controls: cell control of mRNA -
David Turell,
2023-08-25, 20:42
- Biochemical controls: molecular language -
David Turell,
2023-08-17, 17:19
- Biochemical controls: nucleolus formation -
David Turell,
2023-08-15, 17:10
- Biochemical controls: cell division atomic level -
David Turell,
2023-08-14, 17:40
- Biochemical controls: plant controls for gravity -
David Turell,
2023-08-13, 23:08
- Biochemical controls: FUBI's role -
David Turell,
2023-08-12, 00:19
- Biochemical controls: molecular movements -
David Turell,
2023-08-10, 18:52
- Biochemical controls: parasites control hosts - David Turell, 2024-05-02, 21:00
- Biochemical controls: making insulin -
David Turell,
2023-07-25, 18:02
- Biochemical controls: parasites control hosts -
David Turell,
2023-07-20, 18:05
- Biochemical controls: expanding bacterial walls -
David Turell,
2023-07-20, 17:43
- Biochemical controls: oxygen without photosynthesis -
David Turell,
2023-07-17, 16:52
- Biochemical controls: plant root growth factors -
David Turell,
2023-07-08, 18:23
- Biochemical controls: intracellular quantum actions - David Turell, 2023-09-09, 21:25
- Biochemical controls: photosynthesis from one photon -
David Turell,
2023-07-05, 16:10
- Biochemical controls: photosynthesis from one photon -
David Turell,
2023-07-03, 22:49
- Biochemical controls: photosynthesis in phytoplankton -
David Turell,
2023-06-02, 19:13
- Biochemical controls: photosynthesis in algae -
David Turell,
2023-02-01, 16:03
- Biochemical controls: potassium regulation -
David Turell,
2023-01-30, 23:58
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David Turell,
2023-03-22, 20:26
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David Turell,
2023-06-19, 15:56
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David Turell,
2023-06-29, 17:19
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David Turell,
2023-06-29, 17:19
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David Turell,
2023-06-19, 15:56
- Biochemical controls: intracellular electrical controls -
David Turell,
2022-09-10, 15:54
- Biochemical controls: controlling cell protein output -
David Turell,
2022-05-31, 19:20
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