Privileged Planet: another oxygenation theory (Introduction)

by David Turell , Monday, March 14, 2022, 18:47 (986 days ago) @ David Turell

A look at ocean floor possibilities:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220314095704.htm

"For the first 2 billion years of Earth's history, there was barely any oxygen in the air. While some microbes were photosynthesizing by the latter part of this period, oxygen had not yet accumulated at levels that would impact the global biosphere.

"But somewhere around 2.3 billion years ago, this stable, low-oxygen equilibrium shifted, and oxygen began building up in the atmosphere, eventually reaching the life-sustaining levels we breathe today. This rapid infusion is known as the Great Oxygenation Event, or GOE. What triggered the event and pulled the planet out of its low-oxygen funk is one of the great mysteries of science.

"A new hypothesis, proposed by MIT scientists, suggests that oxygen finally started accumulating in the atmosphere thanks to interactions between certain marine microbes and minerals in ocean sediments. These interactions helped prevent oxygen from being consumed, setting off a self-amplifying process where more and more oxygen was made available to accumulate in the atmosphere.

***

"the team searched through the scientific literature and identified a group of microbes that partially oxidizes organic matter in the deep ocean today. These microbes belong to the bacterial group SAR202, and their partial oxidation is carried out through an enzyme, Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase, or BVMO.

"The team carried out a phylogenetic analysis to see how far back the microbe, and the gene for the enzyme, could be traced. They found that the bacteria did indeed have ancestors dating back before the GOE, and that the gene for the enzyme could be traced across various microbial species, as far back as pre-GOE times.

"What's more, they found that the gene's diversification, or the number of species that acquired the gene, increased significantly during times when the atmosphere experienced spikes in oxygenation, including once during the GOE's Paleoproterozoic, and again in the Neoproterozoic.

"'We found some temporal correlations between diversification of POOM-producing genes, and the oxygen levels in the atmosphere," Shang says. "That supports our overall theory."

"To confirm this hypothesis will require far more follow-up, from experiments in the lab to surveys in the field, and everything in between. With their new study, the team has introduced a new suspect in the age-old case of what oxygenated Earth's atmosphere.

"'Proposing a novel method, and showing evidence for its plausibility, is the first but important step," Fournier says. "We've identified this as a theory worthy of study.'"

Comment: Well, it happened, but we are left with a wait-and-see attitude about adding a new plausible theory to a proof.