Back to David's theory of evolution: God's error corrections (Evolution)

by David Turell , Wednesday, August 26, 2020, 21:39 (1347 days ago) @ David Turell

Another molecular error leading to cancer:

https://phys.org/news/2020-08-uncontrolled-molecule-rare-liver-cancer.html

"...certain molecules have been carrying information around our cells to help regulate bodily functions as needed. One such molecule, called cyclic AMP or "cAMP," presumably travels freely inside cells managing these various processes. Uncannily it seems to show up at the right place and right time in response to environmental changes. How this small molecule does this is a mystery to scientists. So researchers at UC San Diego put their heads together to find out more.

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"These fluorescent probes helped the team look inside cells in a whole new way. What they found is, like a campfire must be controlled to avoid a serious blaze, uncontrolled cAMP can lead to a rare type of liver cancer called fibrolamellar carcinoma, or FLC. Their findings are published August 25, 2020 in Cell.

"The scientists explained that cAMP and calcium are two of the most important second messenger signaling molecules in human cells. Their sites of action are typically finely orchestrated by binding proteins, kinases and scaffold proteins that create "communities" of signaling molecules.

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"Jin Zhang explained that cells are typically organized by membrane-enclosed organelles. These are like "rooms" within a factory where certain functions occur; for example the mitochondria, the "powerhouse" of the cell. So it surprised the scientists to discover that a major protein that binds to cAMP can form membraneless (no "walls") organelles in cells through a process similar to how oil droplets form in water.

"'We also found that cAMP is dynamically sequestered into these membraneless organelles. And when these structures are destroyed, cAMP floods the cell, leading to uncontrolled cell growth—an event that can lead to tumor formation," she explained. "Our findings have provided a long-sought-after answer to the cAMP mystery."

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"'In this study, we showed that this cancer-causing fusion protein disrupts cAMP-containing membraneless organelles, allowing cAMP to flood the cell. Normal liver cells that have lost their capability to form these cAMP-containing membraneless organelles show uncontrolled cell growth, a hallmark of cancer. This study uncovers the mechanism underlying FLC and shows that uncontrolled cAMP can lead to cancer," she said.

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"'We were surprised to find that these membraneless organelles, despite occupying less than 1 percent of the total volume in a cell, can soak up 99 percent of the cell's cAMP," said Jin Zhang. "We were also surprised to see that these cAMP-containing membraneless organelles are completely disrupted by the FLC cancer-causing fusion protein, which led to our unexpected discovery of a mechanism for its tumor-causing effect.'"

Comment: Here again we see that either a molecular error or a cancer-caused error can lead to uncontrolled cancer growth and spread. The controls are present at first, telling us God foresaw errors and tried to correct for them, both by the controls of cAMP and examples I've presented of editing.